{"id":63920,"date":"2026-05-25T15:00:41","date_gmt":"2026-05-25T13:00:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=63920"},"modified":"2026-05-25T15:00:42","modified_gmt":"2026-05-25T13:00:42","slug":"klistata-utoci-i-1-200-metru-nad-morem","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=63920","title":{"rendered":"Kl\u00ed\u0161\u0165ata \u00fato\u010d\u00ed i 1 200 metr\u016f nad mo\u0159em"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u010cesk\u00e1 republika m\u00e1 nejv\u00edce p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f kl\u00ed\u0161\u0165ov\u00e9 encefalitidy v cel\u00e9 EU<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kl\u00ed\u0161\u0165ata naka\u017een\u00e1 virem kl\u00ed\u0161\u0165ov\u00e9 encefalitidy \u010di lymeskou boreli\u00f3zou u\u017e nejsou dom\u00e9nou jen vlhk\u00fdch \u00fadol\u00ed kolem \u0159ek \u2013 jejich rajon se ka\u017ed\u00fdm rokem rozr\u016fst\u00e1. Lid\u00e9 si tak mohou odn\u00e9st nep\u0159\u00edjemn\u00e9ho parazita z\u00a0m\u011bstsk\u00e9ho parku, zahrady i vy\u0161\u0161\u00edch oblast\u00ed kolem 1 200 metr\u016f nad mo\u0159em, kde d\u0159\u00edve nep\u0159e\u017e\u00edval. Narazit na n\u011bj lze nejen ve st\u0159edn\u00ed Evrop\u011b, ale tak\u00e9 v\u00a0pobaltsk\u00fdch a skandin\u00e1vsk\u00fdch zem\u00edch. Se zm\u011bnou klimatu se z\u00e1rove\u0148 prodlu\u017euje sezona kl\u00ed\u0161\u0165at \u2013 aktivn\u00ed jsou od brzk\u00e9ho jara a\u017e do konce podzimu.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rizika spojen\u00e1 s nemocemi, kter\u00e9 p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed, \u0159e\u0161\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159i p\u0159i p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti XX. jarn\u00ed interaktivn\u00ed konference SVL \u010cLS JEP.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u010cesk\u00e1 republika m\u00e1 ze v\u0161ech st\u00e1t\u016f Evropsk\u00e9 unie nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed po\u010det p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f kl\u00ed\u0161\u0165ov\u00e9 encefalitidy (KE). V\u00a0lo\u0148sk\u00e9m roce se zde touto nemoc\u00ed podle p\u0159edb\u011b\u017en\u00fdch \u00fadaj\u016f nakazilo 703 lid\u00ed. \u201eV\u00a080.\u00a0letech minul\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed jsme m\u011bli p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b stejn\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f KE jako v\u00a0Rakousku. Nyn\u00ed je v\u0161ak 80 % v\u0161ech Raku\u0161an\u016f proo\u010dkovan\u00fdch, a po\u010det p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f KE se tak v\u00a0na\u0161em sousedn\u00edm st\u00e1t\u011b sn\u00ed\u017eil na 100\u2013150 nemocn\u00fdch ro\u010dn\u011b, to je p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 6<\/em>\u00d7<\/em> m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e u n\u00e1s,\u201c<\/em> vysv\u011btluje MUDr. Jan Kyn\u010dl, vedouc\u00ed Odd\u011blen\u00ed epidemiologie infek\u010dn\u00edch nemoc\u00ed ve St\u00e1tn\u00edm zdravotn\u00ed \u00fastavu. Podle n\u011bj je hlavn\u00edm d\u016fvodem n\u00edzk\u00e9 proo\u010dkovanosti v\u00a0\u010cesk\u00e9 republice p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm podce\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1va\u017enosti t\u00e9to nemoci a nedodr\u017een\u00ed o\u010dkovac\u00edho sch\u00e9matu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zat\u00edmco minim\u00e1ln\u011b 1. d\u00e1vku vakc\u00edny proti KE m\u00e1 za sebou 51 % \u010cech\u016f, cel\u00fdm o\u010dkovac\u00edm sch\u00e9matem, kter\u00e9 \u010d\u00edt\u00e1 t\u0159i d\u00e1vky, a prvn\u00ed posilovac\u00ed d\u00e1vkou, kter\u00e1 se pod\u00e1v\u00e1 po t\u0159ech letech, pro\u0161lo pouze 17 % populace. \u201eV sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b zdravotn\u00ed poji\u0161\u0165ovny hrad\u00ed o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed proti KE po 50. roce v\u011bku, lze tedy o\u010dek\u00e1vat sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed prevalence v t\u00e9to skupin\u011b populace. P\u0159esto sv\u00fdm pacient\u016fm doporu\u010duji ne\u010dekat a\u017e na dosa\u017een\u00ed tohoto v\u011bku a o\u010dkovat se ji\u017e v d\u011btstv\u00ed, respektive kdykoli p\u0159ed pades\u00e1tkou. Podle studi\u00ed dosahuje \u00fa\u010dinnost vakc\u00edny v\u00edce ne\u017e 97 %, jde tedy o vysoce spolehlivou ochranu,\u201c <\/em>rad\u00ed praktick\u00fd l\u00e9ka\u0159 MUDr. Josef \u0160tolfa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nakazit se KE nebo lymeskou boreli\u00f3zou, proti kter\u00e9 se zat\u00edm nelze o\u010dkovat, se p\u0159itom lid\u00e9 mohou na cel\u00e9m \u00fazem\u00ed \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky. Riziko n\u00e1kazy podle l\u00e9ka\u0159\u016f sni\u017euje p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm vhodn\u00e9 oble\u010den\u00ed do p\u0159\u00edrody \u2013 ide\u00e1ln\u011b sv\u011btl\u00e9, na kter\u00e9m jsou kl\u00ed\u0161\u0165ata dob\u0159e vid\u011bt, a lze je tak odstranit, je\u0161t\u011b ne\u017e se sta\u010d\u00ed p\u0159is\u00e1t na k\u016f\u017ei. Po n\u00e1vratu z\u00a0p\u0159\u00edrody by se lid\u00e9 m\u011bli v\u017edy po\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b prohl\u00e9dnout. P\u0159is\u00e1t\u00e9 kl\u00ed\u0161t\u011b doporu\u010duj\u00ed odborn\u00edci co nejd\u0159\u00edve vyviklat pomoc\u00ed pinzety, dezinfikovat m\u00edsto p\u0159is\u00e1t\u00ed a kl\u00ed\u0161t\u011b pak zlikvidovat nap\u0159\u00edklad spl\u00e1chnut\u00edm v\u00a0toalet\u011b \u010di umyvadle. V\u00a0\u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b jej nedoporu\u010duj\u00ed ma\u010dkat mezi prsty, proto\u017ee i t\u00edmto zp\u016fsobem m\u016f\u017ee doj\u00edt k\u00a0n\u00e1kaze n\u011bkterou z\u00a0chorob, kter\u00e9 drobn\u00ed parazit\u00e9 p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201eNesm\u00edme zapom\u00ednat na to, \u017ee kl\u00ed\u0161t\u011b m\u00e1 t\u0159i v\u00fdvojov\u00e1 stadia \u2013 larva, nymfa, dosp\u011blec. V prvn\u00edch dvou v\u00fdvojov\u00fdch f\u00e1z\u00edch m\u016f\u017ee m\u011b\u0159it i m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e milimetr, a snadno ho tak p\u0159ehl\u00e9dneme. Na rozd\u00edl od dosp\u011bl\u00e9ho stadia mu sta\u010d\u00ed jen mal\u00e1 kapka krve. \u010casto se p\u0159isaje a velmi brzy pust\u00ed, ani\u017e bychom si toho v\u0161imli,\u201c<\/em> varuje MUDr. Kyn\u010dl.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Proto je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 v\u011bnovat pozornost tak\u00e9 nezvykl\u00fdm ko\u017en\u00edm projev\u016fm, kter\u00e9 jsou prvn\u00edmi znaky lymesk\u00e9 boreli\u00f3zy. Nemoc se \u010dasto projevuje tzv. erythema migrans neboli skvrnou na k\u016f\u017ei, kter\u00e1 b\u00fdv\u00e1 ve st\u0159edu bled\u00e1 a po okraj\u00edch zarudl\u00e1. M\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt r\u016fznou velikost, obvykle nesv\u011bd\u00ed ani nebol\u00ed. Objevuje se 14 dn\u00ed a\u017e jeden m\u011bs\u00edc po p\u0159is\u00e1t\u00ed kl\u00ed\u0161t\u011bte.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201eProtil\u00e1tky v\u00a0krvi, kter\u00e9 nazna\u010duj\u00ed, \u017ee do\u0161lo k\u00a0n\u00e1kaze lymeskou boreli\u00f3zou, se ale za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00ed tvo\u0159it teprve
v\u00a06.\u20138. t\u00fddnu po p\u0159is\u00e1t\u00ed. Ve chv\u00edli, kdy k\u00a0n\u00e1m pacienti p\u0159ich\u00e1zej\u00ed s\u00a0typickou skvrnou \u2013 erythema migrans, proto je\u0161t\u011b nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 pomoc\u00ed krevn\u00edch test\u016f ov\u011b\u0159it p\u0159\u00edtomnost choroby,\u201c<\/em> vysv\u011btluje praktick\u00fd l\u00e9ka\u0159 MUDr. Josef \u0160tolfa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pozd\u011bji se nemoc projevuje bolestmi sval\u016f a kloub\u016f, kter\u00e9 p\u0159ipom\u00ednaj\u00ed ch\u0159ipku. Pokud se boreli\u00f3za nel\u00e9\u010d\u00ed, m\u016f\u017ee doj\u00edt k napaden\u00ed centr\u00e1ln\u00edho nervov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu, co\u017e vede nap\u0159\u00edklad k z\u00e1n\u011btu mozkov\u00fdch blan. V lo\u0148sk\u00e9m roce zaznamenal St\u00e1tn\u00ed zdravotn\u00ed \u00fastav extr\u00e9mn\u00ed n\u00e1r\u016fst nov\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f lymesk\u00e9 boreli\u00f3zy. V posledn\u00edch deseti letech hl\u00e1sili l\u00e9ka\u0159i p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b
3 000\u20134 800 nov\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f ro\u010dn\u011b. Loni jich bylo 11 386. V\u00fdsledn\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo v\u0161ak v\u00fdznamn\u011b ovlivnil nov\u011b zaveden\u00fd syst\u00e9m elektronick\u00e9ho hl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed, do kter\u00e9ho se nov\u011b za\u0159adily i ordinace, kter\u00e9 se do p\u016fvodn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu hl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed infek\u010dn\u00edch nemoc\u00ed z r\u016fzn\u00fdch d\u016fvod\u016f nezapojovaly. Do minul\u00e9ho roku tedy existovala zna\u010dn\u00e1 podhl\u00e1\u0161enost onemocn\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00edce informac\u00ed je k dispozici na https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/spolecnostvseobecneholekarstvi\/<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u010cesk\u00e1 republika m\u00e1 nejv\u00edce p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f kl\u00ed\u0161\u0165ov\u00e9 encefalitidy v cel\u00e9 EU Kl\u00ed\u0161\u0165ata naka\u017een\u00e1 virem kl\u00ed\u0161\u0165ov\u00e9 encefalitidy \u010di lymeskou boreli\u00f3zou u\u017e nejsou dom\u00e9nou jen vlhk\u00fdch \u00fadol\u00ed kolem […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":59259,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-63920","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zdravi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/63920","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=63920"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/63920\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/59259"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=63920"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=63920"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=63920"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}