<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00ed jednat o roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed screeningu a genetick\u00e9ho testov\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00e1dor\u016f<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n Praha, 28. \u010dervence 2026 \u2013 Zevrubn\u00e9 prozkoum\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00e1doru plic by l\u00e9ka\u0159\u016fm pomohlo p\u0159esn\u011b zac\u00edlit l\u00e9\u010dbu, a \u010d\u00e1sti pacient\u016f tak prodlou\u017eit \u017eivot o \u0159adu let. Proto l\u00e9ka\u0159i\u00a0jednaj\u00ed se zdravotn\u00edmi poji\u0161\u0165ovnami o roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed genetick\u00e9ho testov\u00e1n\u00ed plicn\u00edho tumoru. <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Dosud se vy\u0161et\u0159uj\u00ed t\u0159i z\u00e1kladn\u00ed geny, pneumoonkologov\u00e9 by jich v\u0161ak uv\u00edtali v\u00edce. K anal\u00fdze by sta\u010dil jedin\u00fd vzorek n\u00e1doru odebran\u00fd z\u00a0plic, co\u017e pacienta d\u00e1le nijak nezat\u00ed\u017e\u00ed a l\u00e9ka\u0159\u016fm umo\u017en\u00ed vybrat nej\u00fa\u010dinn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a\u00a0z\u00e1rove\u0148 nej\u0161etrn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed l\u00e9\u010dbu. <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Plicn\u00ed karcinom je nejsmrteln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed rakovinou v\u00a0Evrop\u011b, p\u0159ipom\u00ednaj\u00ed \u010de\u0161t\u00ed pneumologov\u00e9 p\u0159i p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti Sv\u011btov\u00e9ho dne rakoviny plic, kter\u00fd p\u0159ipad\u00e1 na\u00a01. srpna.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201eOtestov\u00e1n\u00ed cca 20 gen\u016f nov\u011b diagnostikovan\u00fdch pacient\u016f by<\/em> n\u00e1m pomohlo zjistit, zda m\u00e1 pacient mutaci, na ni\u017e lze l\u00e9\u010debn\u011b zac\u00edlit, \u010di mutaci, kter\u00e1 m\u016f\u017ee ovlivnit \u00fa\u010dinnost a v\u00fdb\u011br l\u00e9\u010dby. L\u00e9k\u016f na karcinom plic st\u00e1le p\u0159ib\u00fdv\u00e1 a je t\u0159eba p\u0159esn\u011bji m\u00ed\u0159it a \u201anest\u0159\u00edlet slep\u00fdmi\u2018. Nechceme pacienty zat\u011b\u017eovat mnohdy toxickou l\u00e9\u010dbou, pokud by jim nepomohla,\u201c<\/em> vysv\u011btluje doc.\u00a0MUDr. Martin\u00a0Svato\u0148, p\u0159ednosta Kliniky pneumologie a ftizeologie FN\u00a0Plze\u0148. Roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00e9 testy by sice byly pro poji\u0161\u0165ovny o n\u011bco dra\u017e\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e ty sou\u010dasn\u00e9, ale p\u0159isp\u011bly by k\u00a0efektivn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmu vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed modern\u00ed l\u00e9\u010dby. \u201e<\/em>Z podrobn\u011bj\u0161\u00edho genetick\u00e9ho testov\u00e1n\u00ed by mohlo t\u011b\u017eit p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 10 % pacient\u016f,\u201c<\/em> dopl\u0148uje l\u00e9ka\u0159.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Rakovinou plic u n\u00e1s ro\u010dn\u011b onemocn\u00ed 6 500 lid\u00ed a p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 5\u00a0300 pacient\u016f na ni za rok zem\u0159e, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e d\u016fvodem je v\u011bt\u0161inou pozdn\u00ed z\u00e1chyt tohoto typu onemocn\u011bn\u00ed. O pozitivn\u00ed zm\u011bnu se p\u0159es \u010dty\u0159i roky sna\u017e\u00ed screening karcinomu plic, ur\u010den\u00fd b\u00fdval\u00fdm nebo sou\u010dasn\u00fdm ku\u0159\u00e1k\u016fm ve v\u011bku 55\u201374 let, kte\u0159\u00ed za \u017eivot vykou\u0159ili nejm\u00e9n\u011b 200 000 cigaret, tedy nap\u0159\u00edklad krabi\u010dku cigaret denn\u011b po dobu 20 let. <\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201eZa dobu jeho existence pro\u0161ly screeningem des\u00edtky tis\u00edc lid\u00ed. V\u00edce ne\u017e polovina zachycen\u00fdch n\u00e1dor\u016f byla v\u00a0prvn\u00edm \u010di druh\u00e9m stadiu, kdy se nemoc nijak neprojevuje a\u00a0je obvykle je\u0161t\u011b l\u00e9\u010diteln\u00e1,\u201c<\/em> vysv\u011btluje p\u0159ednostka Pneumologick\u00e9 kliniky Fakultn\u00ed Thomayerovy nemocnice prof. MUDr. Martina Koziar Va\u0161\u00e1kov\u00e1. Podle n\u00ed by se m\u011bl screening st\u00e1t v\u00a0budoucnu sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed p\u00e9\u010de o plicn\u00ed zdrav\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201eP\u0159i opakovan\u00e9m vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed n\u00edzkod\u00e1vkov\u00fdm CT toti\u017e nal\u00e9z\u00e1me dal\u0161\u00ed zdravotn\u00ed probl\u00e9my, jako jsou nap\u0159\u00edklad fibr\u00f3zy, chronick\u00e1 obstruk\u010dn\u00ed plicn\u00ed nemoc, plicn\u00ed hypertenze, bronchiekt\u00e1zie, ale tak\u00e9 koron\u00e1rn\u00ed kalcifikace a\u00a0n\u00e1lezy na\u00a0\u0161t\u00edtn\u00e9 \u017el\u00e1ze a\u00a0nadledvin\u00e1ch<\/em>. I tyto n\u00e1lezy si zaslou\u017e\u00ed sledov\u00e1n\u00ed nebo l\u00e9\u010dbu,\u201c<\/em> \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 prof. Koziar Va\u0161\u00e1kov\u00e1. \u201eM\u011bli bychom tak\u00e9 uva\u017eovat, zda do projektu nezahrnout i\u00a0slab\u0161\u00ed ku\u0159\u00e1ky, \u010di dokonce neku\u0159\u00e1ky a zohlednit rodinnou anamn\u00e9zu, z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e okoln\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed a\u00a0\u0159adu dal\u0161\u00edch aspekt\u016f.\u201c<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n I kdy\u017e dominantn\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou tak\u0159ka v\u0161ech plicn\u00edch nemoc\u00ed z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 kou\u0159en\u00ed, v\u00a0posledn\u00ed dob\u011b se n\u00e1dory st\u00e1le \u010dast\u011bji objevuj\u00ed u lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed cigaretu nevzali nikdy do \u00fast. \u201eA\u017e 20 % pacient\u016f s\u00a0rakovinou plic nikdy nekou\u0159ilo. Mezi neku\u0159\u00e1ky s\u00a0rakovinou plic se \u010dast\u011bji vyskytuj\u00ed \u017eeny. Vznik plicn\u00edho karcinomu u neku\u0159\u00e1k\u016f p\u0159isuzujeme t\u0159em d\u016fvod\u016fm: bu\u010f ji\u017e maj\u00ed jin\u00e9 plicn\u00ed onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, jako je nap\u0159\u00edklad CHOPN nebo plicn\u00ed fibr\u00f3za, kter\u00e9 rakovin\u011b plic \u010dasto p\u0159edch\u00e1zej\u00ed \u2013 jedn\u00e1 se o\u00a0tzv. prekancer\u00f3zy. Nebo maj\u00ed ke vzniku nemoci vrozen\u00e9, tedy genetick\u00e9 p\u0159edpoklady. A t\u0159et\u00ed, nejpravd\u011bpodobn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou je nezdrav\u00e9 prost\u0159ed\u00ed, v\u00a0n\u011bm\u017e dlouhodob\u011b \u017eij\u00ed nebo pracuj\u00ed,\u201c<\/em> uv\u00e1d\u00ed p\u0159edseda \u010cesk\u00e9 pneumologick\u00e9 a\u00a0ftizeologick\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti \u010cLS JEP prof.\u00a0MUDr.\u00a0Vladim\u00edr Kobl\u00ed\u017eek. Podle l\u00e9ka\u0159e se na vzniku nemoci spolupod\u00edl\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad vdechov\u00e1n\u00ed drobn\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1stic velikosti men\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e 2,5 mikrometru. <\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201eTakov\u00fdm \u010d\u00e1stic\u00edm jsou vystaveni lid\u00e9 pracuj\u00edc\u00ed v\u00a0t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9m pr\u016fmyslu, v\u00a0doprav\u011b, v\u00a0chemick\u00fdch provozech. Velk\u00fdm rizikem je zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e1 koncentrace rakovinotvorn\u00e9ho plynu radonu v\u00a0n\u011bkter\u00fdch obydl\u00edch. V\u00a0\u010cesku mezi radonov\u00e9 oblasti pat\u0159\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad\u00a0\u010d\u00e1st Vyso\u010diny, Karlovarsko, spole\u010dn\u00e1 hranice st\u0159edn\u00edch, ji\u017en\u00edch a z\u00e1padn\u00edch \u010cech,\u201c<\/em> upozor\u0148uje prof. Kobl\u00ed\u017eek. <\/p>\n\n\n\n U neku\u0159\u00e1k\u016f \u0161kod\u00ed plic\u00edm nejen pobyt v\u00a0zakou\u0159en\u00e9m prost\u0159ed\u00ed nebo v bl\u00edzkosti ku\u0159\u00e1k\u016f, ale i kontakt s prostory, kde se kou\u0159ilo d\u0159\u00edve a\u00a0zbytky kou\u0159e z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed v textili\u00edch, n\u00e1bytku \u010di na st\u011bn\u00e1ch. \u201eP\u0159esto\u017ee \u0159adu p\u0159\u00ed\u010din odstranit nedok\u00e1\u017eeme, st\u00e1le z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 jedna, na ni\u017e vliv m\u00e1me, a to je pr\u00e1v\u011b kou\u0159en\u00ed. Kdyby se lid\u00e9 vzdali cigaret, v\u00fdskyt rakoviny plic v\u00a0populaci by v\u00a0n\u011bkolika letech dramaticky klesl,\u201c<\/em> dod\u00e1v\u00e1 prof.\u00a0Kobl\u00ed\u017eek. Rakovinotvorn\u00e9 jsou i v\u00fdpary z p\u0159ep\u00e1len\u00e9ho tuku p\u0159i sma\u017een\u00ed nebo l\u00e1tky, kter\u00e9 se uvol\u0148uj\u00ed do ovzdu\u0161\u00ed p\u0159i sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed. Proto je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9, aby sv\u00e1\u0159e\u010di byli vybaveni respir\u00e1tory. <\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00ed jednat o roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed screeningu a genetick\u00e9ho testov\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00e1dor\u016f Praha, 28. \u010dervence 2026 \u2013 Zevrubn\u00e9 prozkoum\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00e1doru plic by l\u00e9ka\u0159\u016fm pomohlo p\u0159esn\u011b zac\u00edlit l\u00e9\u010dbu, a […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":60469,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-64618","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zdravi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/64618","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=64618"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/64618\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/60469"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=64618"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=64618"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=64618"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}