Roztrou\u0161en\u00e1 skler\u00f3za b\u00fdv\u00e1 spojov\u00e1na s p\u0159edstavou invalidn\u00edho voz\u00edku a postupn\u00e9 ztr\u00e1ty sob\u011bsta\u010dnosti. D\u00edky modern\u00ed medic\u00edn\u011b v\u0161ak dnes mohou pacienti \u017e\u00edt dlouh\u00e9 roky bez v\u00fdrazn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch omezen\u00ed. D\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 je nemoc rozpoznat a za\u010d\u00edt l\u00e9\u010dit v\u010das. Nej\u010dast\u011bji toti\u017e postihuje mlad\u00e9 lidi v produktivn\u00edm v\u011bku, kte\u0159\u00ed teprve buduj\u00ed kari\u00e9ru nebo zakl\u00e1daj\u00ed rodinu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Roztrou\u0161en\u00e1 skler\u00f3za (RS) je chronick\u00e9 z\u00e1n\u011btliv\u00e9 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed centr\u00e1ln\u00edho nervov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu, p\u0159i n\u011bm\u017e imunitn\u00ed syst\u00e9m napad\u00e1 ochrann\u00fd obal nervov\u00fdch vl\u00e1ken, a t\u00edm naru\u0161uje p\u0159enos sign\u00e1l\u016f mezi mozkem, m\u00edchou a dal\u0161\u00edmi \u010d\u00e1stmi t\u011bla. P\u0159esn\u00e1 p\u0159\u00ed\u010dina nemoci zat\u00edm nen\u00ed zn\u00e1m\u00e1. Roli pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b hraje kombinace genetick\u00fdch p\u0159edpoklad\u016f, prod\u011blan\u00fdch infekc\u00ed, nedostatku vitaminu D, kou\u0159en\u00ed a dal\u0161\u00edch vliv\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Pov\u011bdom\u00ed ve\u0159ejnosti o tomto onemocn\u011bn\u00ed nen\u00ed p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 vysok\u00e9. Podle pr\u016fzkumu spole\u010dnosti IBRS pro poji\u0161\u0165ovnu Kooperativa 72 procent \u010cech\u016f uv\u00e1d\u00ed, \u017ee o roztrou\u0161en\u00e9 skler\u00f3ze alespo\u0148 n\u011bco v\u00ed. Pouze 25 procent se v\u0161ak domn\u00edv\u00e1, \u017ee v\u00ed dob\u0159e, o jakou nemoc jde. Naopak t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 polovina dot\u00e1zan\u00fdch, 47 procent, p\u0159izn\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee o n\u00ed v\u00ed jen m\u00e1lo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nemoc se nevyh\u00fdb\u00e1 ani t\u0159ic\u00e1tn\u00edk\u016fm<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Jedn\u00edm z roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00fdch omyl\u016f je p\u0159edstava, \u017ee roztrou\u0161en\u00e1 skler\u00f3za postihuje p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm seniory. Podle uveden\u00e9ho pr\u016fzkumu si to mysl\u00ed 21 procent respondent\u016f. Ve skute\u010dnosti se prvn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edznaky nej\u010dast\u011bji objevuj\u00ed mnohem d\u0159\u00edve. \u201eNemoc postihuje hlavn\u011b mlad\u00e9 dosp\u011bl\u00e9, narozd\u00edl od infarktu nebo mozkov\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edhody se nej\u010dast\u011bji objev\u00ed mezi 20. a\u017e 40. rokem \u017eivota,\u201c upozornil Petr Proch\u00e1zka, \u0159editel \u00daseku poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed osob z Kooperativy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00dadaje celost\u00e1tn\u00edho registru ReMuS potvrzuj\u00ed, \u017ee prvn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edznaky pacienti zaznamen\u00e1vaj\u00ed pr\u016fm\u011brn\u011b ve v\u011bku 33,1 roku. \u201eTedy v produktivn\u00edm v\u011bku, kdy v\u011bt\u0161ina lid\u00ed teprve pl\u00e1nuje budoucnost, zakl\u00e1daj\u00ed rodinu, kupuj\u00ed bydlen\u00ed, spl\u00e1cej\u00ed hypot\u00e9ku, buduj\u00ed kari\u00e9ru,\u201c zd\u016fraznil Proch\u00e1zka. \u010cast\u011bji p\u0159itom onemocn\u00ed \u017eeny, kter\u00e9 tvo\u0159\u00ed p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 71 procent pacient\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Podle Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed federace pro roztrou\u0161enou skler\u00f3zu (MSIF) \u017eije na cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b 3,1 milionu lid\u00ed s diagn\u00f3zou roztrou\u0161en\u00e9 skler\u00f3zy. V \u010cesk\u00e9 republice bylo pak podle registru ReMuS ke konci roku 2025 evidov\u00e1no 25 085 pacient\u016f s t\u00edmto onemocn\u011bn\u00edm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
P\u0159\u00edznaky b\u00fdvaj\u00ed \u010dasto nen\u00e1padn\u00e9<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Roztrou\u0161en\u00e1 skler\u00f3za se u ka\u017ed\u00e9ho \u010dlov\u011bka projevuje jinak. Mezi \u010dast\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edznaky pat\u0159\u00ed poruchy zraku, brn\u011bn\u00ed kon\u010detin, zm\u011bny citlivosti, svalov\u00e1 slabost nebo probl\u00e9my s rovnov\u00e1hou. Pacienti mohou trp\u011bt tak\u00e9 v\u00fdraznou \u00fanavou, bolestmi \u010di poruchami soust\u0159ed\u011bn\u00ed. U \u010d\u00e1sti pacient\u016f se p\u0159\u00edznaky objevuj\u00ed v takzvan\u00fdch atak\u00e1ch, po kter\u00fdch mohou \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b nebo \u00fapln\u011b ustoupit. U jin\u00fdch nemoc postupn\u011b pokra\u010duje.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Pr\u00e1v\u011b r\u016fznorodost obt\u00ed\u017e\u00ed diagn\u00f3zu komplikuje. \u010clov\u011bk s roztrou\u0161enou skler\u00f3zou m\u016f\u017ee p\u016fsobit zcela zdrav\u011b, p\u0159esto\u017ee ho nemoc v\u00fdznamn\u011b omezuje. \u201eNemoc se projev\u00ed v emoc\u00edch, v my\u0161len\u00ed a ve zp\u016fsobu \u0159e\u010di, nap\u0159\u00edklad v artikulaci. Tyto zm\u011bny v ordinaci p\u0159esn\u011b nezachyt\u00edme. Pacient m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt zrovna dobr\u00fd den, ale o chv\u00edli pozd\u011bji je u\u017e situace \u00fapln\u011b jin\u00e1,\u201c vysv\u011btlila Eva Kubala Havrdov\u00e1, vedouc\u00ed Centra pro demyeliniza\u010dn\u00ed onemocn\u011bn\u00ed 1. l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9 fakulty Univerzity Karlovy a V\u0161eobecn\u00e9 fakultn\u00ed nemocnice v Praze.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
A naopak, jednotliv\u00e9 obt\u00ed\u017ee mohou m\u00edt \u0159adu jin\u00fdch p\u0159\u00ed\u010din a samotn\u00e9 brn\u011bn\u00ed ruky nebo \u00fanava je\u0161t\u011b neznamenaj\u00ed, \u017ee \u010dlov\u011bk trp\u00ed roztrou\u0161enou skler\u00f3zou. Diagnostika obvykle zahrnuje neurologick\u00e9 vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed a magnetickou rezonanci, v n\u011bkter\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech tak\u00e9 vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed mozkom\u00ed\u0161n\u00edho moku. Po potvrzen\u00ed diagn\u00f3zy p\u0159eb\u00edr\u00e1 p\u00e9\u010di specializovan\u00e9 centrum. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Modern\u00ed l\u00e9\u010dba d\u00e1v\u00e1 pacient\u016fm nad\u011bji<\/p>\n\n\n\n
P\u0159esto\u017ee nemoc zat\u00edm nelze definitivn\u011b vyl\u00e9\u010dit, mo\u017enosti diagnostiky i l\u00e9\u010dby se v posledn\u00edch letech v\u00fdrazn\u011b zlep\u0161ily. Modern\u00ed l\u00e9ky dok\u00e1\u017eou tlumit z\u00e1n\u011btlivou aktivitu nemoci, sni\u017eovat po\u010det atak a u \u0159ady pacient\u016f zpomalovat postup neurologick\u00e9ho posti\u017een\u00ed. Z\u00e1sadn\u00ed je p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm v\u010dasn\u00e9 zah\u00e1jen\u00ed l\u00e9\u010dby, nejl\u00e9pe je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159edt\u00edm, ne\u017e dojde k rozs\u00e1hlej\u0161\u00edmu nevratn\u00e9mu po\u0161kozen\u00ed nervov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u201eSou\u010dasn\u00e1 medic\u00edna dok\u00e1\u017ee pacient\u016fm nab\u00eddnout \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9 a bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 l\u00e9ky,\u201c uvedl neurolog Radek Ampapa, vedouc\u00ed RS centra v Jihlav\u011b. Ve v\u00fdvoji jsou podle n\u011bj dal\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpravky, kter\u00e9 mohou l\u00e9\u010dbu posunout je\u0161t\u011b d\u00e1l.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Pokroky v l\u00e9\u010db\u011b potvrzuj\u00ed tak\u00e9 statistiky V\u0161eobecn\u00e9 zdravotn\u00ed poji\u0161\u0165ovny. Zat\u00edmco v roce 2017 dost\u00e1valo modern\u00ed biologickou l\u00e9\u010dbu 6 488 jej\u00edch klient\u016f s roztrou\u0161enou skler\u00f3zou, v roce 2025 u\u017e to bylo v\u00edce ne\u017e 10,5 tis\u00edc. \u201eV\u00edce ne\u017e polovina v\u0161ech klient\u016f s roztrou\u0161enou skler\u00f3zou je tak dnes l\u00e9\u010dena biologickou l\u00e9\u010dbou,\u201c doplnil Miroslav Jank\u016fj, n\u00e1m\u011bstek \u0159editele VZP pro zdravotn\u00ed p\u00e9\u010di. Pr\u00e1v\u011b v\u010dasn\u00e1 diagnostika a modern\u00ed l\u00e9\u010dba d\u00e1vaj\u00ed mnoha pacient\u016fm v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u0161anci udr\u017eet si dlouhodob\u011b sob\u011bsta\u010dnost a kvalitu \u017eivota.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Eva Kapounkov\u00e1<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Den\u00edk.cz<\/p>\n\n\n\n
https:\/\/www.denik.cz<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Roztrou\u0161en\u00e1 skler\u00f3za b\u00fdv\u00e1 spojov\u00e1na s p\u0159edstavou invalidn\u00edho voz\u00edku a postupn\u00e9 ztr\u00e1ty sob\u011bsta\u010dnosti. D\u00edky modern\u00ed medic\u00edn\u011b v\u0161ak dnes mohou pacienti \u017e\u00edt dlouh\u00e9 roky bez v\u00fdrazn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch omezen\u00ed. […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2052,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-65586","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zpravy"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/65586","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=65586"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/65586\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/2052"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=65586"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=65586"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=65586"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}