Ray Schilling
onkolog
Kanada, Ontario<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Zdrav\u00fd \u017eivotn\u00ed styl \u2013 ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed riziko rakoviny: Rozs\u00e1hl\u00e1 studie potvrzuje a roz\u0161i\u0159uje souvislost s \u0159adou typ\u016f rakoviny.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
To, \u017ee zdrav\u00fd \u017eivotn\u00ed styl m\u016f\u017ee pomoci sn\u00ed\u017eit riziko rakoviny, nen\u00ed nov\u00fdm zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00edm. Rozs\u00e1hl\u00e1 anal\u00fdza v\u011bdc\u016f z N\u011bmeck\u00e9ho centra pro v\u00fdzkum rakoviny (DKFZ) nyn\u00ed potvrzuje tuto souvislost u obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b \u0161irok\u00e9ho spektra typ\u016f rakoviny. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 studie poskytuje dal\u0161\u00ed poznatky o n\u011bkolika vz\u00e1cn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch a d\u0159\u00edve m\u00e9n\u011b studovan\u00fdch typech n\u00e1dor\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nekou\u0159en\u00ed, udr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed zdrav\u00e9 hmotnosti, dostatek pohybu, vyv\u00e1\u017een\u00e1 strava a konzumace pouze m\u00edrn\u00e9ho mno\u017estv\u00ed alkoholu jsou ji\u017e dlouho pova\u017eov\u00e1ny za d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 sou\u010d\u00e1sti zdrav\u00e9ho \u017eivotn\u00edho stylu. \u010cetn\u00e9 studie ji\u017e uk\u00e1zaly, \u017ee n\u011bkter\u00e9 z t\u011bchto faktor\u016f jsou spojeny s rizikem ur\u010dit\u00fdch typ\u016f rakoviny. M\u00e9n\u011b prozkouman\u00e9 v\u0161ak bylo, jak kombinace t\u011bchto chov\u00e1n\u00ed ovliv\u0148uje \u0161irok\u00e9 spektrum r\u016fzn\u00fdch typ\u016f rakoviny, v\u010detn\u011b t\u011bch vz\u00e1cn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V r\u00e1mci aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed studie analyzovali v\u011bdci z N\u011bmeck\u00e9ho centra pro v\u00fdzkum rakoviny (DKFZ) data od 287 745 \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk\u016f z britsk\u00e9 biobanky, kte\u0159\u00ed na za\u010d\u00e1tku studie netrp\u011bli rakovinou. B\u011bhem pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9 doby sledov\u00e1n\u00ed 11,5 let byla rakovina diagnostikov\u00e1na 12 947 z nich.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
P\u011bt faktor\u016f pro zdrav\u00fd \u017eivotn\u00ed styl<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Aby bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 \u017eivotn\u00ed styly srovn\u00e1vat, v\u00fdzkumn\u00fd t\u00fdm zv\u00e1\u017eil p\u011bt faktor\u016f: kou\u0159en\u00ed, konzumaci alkoholu, stravu, fyzickou aktivitu a t\u011blesnou hmotnost. Za ka\u017ed\u00e9 chov\u00e1n\u00ed klasifikovan\u00e9 jako zdrav\u00e9 byl ud\u011blen jeden bod, co\u017e vedlo ke sk\u00f3re \u017eivotn\u00edho stylu mezi nulou a p\u011bti body. V hlavn\u00ed anal\u00fdze byli jedinci se \u010dty\u0159mi nebo p\u011bti body porovn\u00e1v\u00e1ni s t\u011bmi, kte\u0159\u00ed dos\u00e1hli nuly nebo pouze jednoho bodu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u00fdsledek: Lid\u00e9 s vysok\u00fdm sk\u00f3re \u017eivotn\u00edho stylu m\u011bli b\u011bhem sledovan\u00e9ho obdob\u00ed o 29 procent ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed riziko vzniku rakoviny ne\u017e lid\u00e9 s n\u00edzk\u00fdm sk\u00f3re, jin\u00fdmi slovy – u lid\u00ed s vysok\u00fdm sk\u00f3re \u017eivotn\u00edho stylu se vyskytlo o 29 procent m\u00e9n\u011b p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f rakoviny ne\u017e u lid\u00ed s n\u00edzk\u00fdm sk\u00f3re. U 13 z 27 individu\u00e1ln\u011b zkouman\u00fdch typ\u016f rakoviny byla zji\u0161t\u011bna statisticky v\u00fdznamn\u00e1 souvislost mezi zdrav\u011bj\u0161\u00edm \u017eivotn\u00edm stylem a ni\u017e\u0161\u00edm rizikem vzniku onemocn\u011bn\u00ed. Pat\u0159ily mezi n\u011b rakovina plic, tlust\u00e9ho st\u0159eva, \u017ealudku, jater, slinivky b\u0159i\u0161n\u00ed, ledvin a mo\u010dov\u00e9ho m\u011bch\u00fd\u0159e, stejn\u011b jako postmenopauz\u00e1ln\u00ed rakovina prsu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Studie roz\u0161i\u0159uje d\u016fkazy i na vz\u00e1cn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed druhy rakoviny<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Mnoho z t\u011bchto v\u00fdsledk\u016f potvrzuje p\u0159edchoz\u00ed studie, kter\u00e9 ji\u017e popsaly srovnateln\u00e9 souvislosti u r\u016fzn\u00fdch typ\u016f rakoviny. \u201eProkazujeme v\u0161ak tak\u00e9 souvislosti mezi \u017eivotn\u00edm stylem a rizikem onemocn\u011bn\u00ed u n\u011bkter\u00fdch vz\u00e1cn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch druh\u016f rakoviny, u kter\u00fdch bylo d\u0159\u00edve k dispozici v\u00fdrazn\u011b m\u00e9n\u011b dat,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 vedouc\u00ed studie Michael Hoffmeister z N\u011bmeck\u00e9ho centra pro v\u00fdzkum rakoviny (DKFZ). \u201eNap\u0159\u00edklad sarkom m\u011bkk\u00fdch tk\u00e1n\u00ed je relativn\u011b vz\u00e1cn\u00fd typ rakoviny a jeho souvislost s celkov\u011b zdrav\u00fdm \u017eivotn\u00edm stylem byla dosud m\u00e1lo prozkoum\u00e1na,\u201c dod\u00e1v\u00e1 Jie Ding, prvn\u00ed autor studie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kou\u0159en\u00ed a obezita jsou obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b v\u00fdznamn\u00e9<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u00fdznam kou\u0159en\u00ed a obezity pro prevenci rakoviny byl op\u011bt jasn\u011b prok\u00e1z\u00e1n. Kou\u0159en\u00ed bylo statisticky v\u00fdznamn\u011b spojeno s dvan\u00e1cti studovan\u00fdmi druhy rakoviny a obezita s deseti. Zb\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed zkouman\u00e9 faktory \u017eivotn\u00edho stylu byly spojeny s men\u0161\u00edm po\u010dtem typ\u016f rakoviny.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u00fdzkumn\u00edci tak\u00e9 odhadli, jak\u00fd pod\u00edl p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f rakoviny ve studovan\u00e9 populaci lze statisticky p\u0159ipsat skute\u010dnosti, \u017ee p\u011bt doporu\u010den\u00ed pro zdrav\u00fd \u017eivotn\u00ed styl nebylo pln\u011b dodr\u017eov\u00e1no (popula\u010dn\u00ed p\u0159ipisovateln\u00fd pod\u00edl, PAF). Odhady byly obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b vysok\u00e9 u rakoviny hrtanu (kolem 66 procent), plic (kolem 52 procent) a hltanu (kolem 30 procent). Relevantn\u00ed pod\u00edly byly zji\u0161t\u011bny tak\u00e9 u rakoviny j\u00edcnu, \u017ealudku, slinivky b\u0159i\u0161n\u00ed, jater a tlust\u00e9ho st\u0159eva.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u201eS\u00edla sou\u010dasn\u00e9 studie spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v tom, \u017ee komplexn\u011b a konzistentn\u011b potvrzuje st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed ve velmi velk\u00e9 studovan\u00e9 populaci,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Michael Hoffmeister. V\u00fdsledky t\u00e9to observa\u010dn\u00ed studie tak podtrhuj\u00ed povzbudiv\u00e9 poselstv\u00ed pro prevenci rakoviny: Zdrav\u00fd \u017eivotn\u00ed styl je spojen s ni\u017e\u0161\u00edm rizikem mnoha typ\u016f rakoviny.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Quora<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Ray SchillingonkologKanada, Ontario Zdrav\u00fd \u017eivotn\u00ed styl \u2013 ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed riziko rakoviny: Rozs\u00e1hl\u00e1 studie potvrzuje a roz\u0161i\u0159uje souvislost s \u0159adou typ\u016f rakoviny. To, \u017ee zdrav\u00fd \u017eivotn\u00ed styl […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":15784,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-65688","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zdravi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/65688","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=65688"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/65688\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/15784"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=65688"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=65688"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=65688"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}