{"id":6729,"date":"2013-06-17T02:13:20","date_gmt":"2013-06-17T00:13:20","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=6729"},"modified":"2014-10-20T20:11:44","modified_gmt":"2014-10-20T18:11:44","slug":"dokazi-vyrobit-protezy-ktere-postizenym-dovoli-hrat-treba-hokej-i-lyzovat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=6729","title":{"rendered":"Dok\u00e1\u017e\u00ed vyrobit prot\u00e9zy, kter\u00e9 posti\u017een\u00fdm dovol\u00ed hr\u00e1t t\u0159eba hokej i ly\u017eovat"},"content":{"rendered":"

Prot\u00e9zy se zabudovan\u00fdm po\u010d\u00edta\u010dem, kter\u00fd pom\u00e1h\u00e1 hendikepovan\u00fdm, aby neupadli. Mu\u017e, kter\u00fd s amputovanou nohou v ky\u010dli a s um\u011bl\u00fdm ky\u010deln\u00edm kloubem hraje hokej. D\u00edvka, kter\u00e1 po amputaci obou nohou jezd\u00ed na ly\u017e\u00edch. Zat\u00edm stoj\u00ed zam\u011bstnanci z firmy ve Zru\u010di na Plze\u0148sku.<\/strong>
\nSpole\u010dnost Ottobock je jedn\u00edm z nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch v\u00fdrobc\u016f pom\u016fcek pro hendikepovan\u00e9 na sv\u011bt\u011b. Podle \u0159editele divize ortopedick\u00fdch pom\u016fcek se zabudovan\u00fdm po\u010d\u00edta\u010dem Vladana Prince je specifikem \u010desk\u00fdch hendikepovan\u00fdch jin\u00fd zp\u016fsob my\u0161len\u00ed ne\u017e ten, kter\u00fd je obvykl\u00fd t\u0159eba v N\u011bmecku. V \u010cesku je toti\u017e st\u00e1le za\u017eit\u00e1 p\u0159edstava, \u017ee st\u00e1t v\u0161echno vy\u0159\u00edd\u00ed za nemocn\u00e9. Podle Prince pak ale m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt \u010dlov\u011bk zklaman\u00fd, \u017ee se k n\u011bmu supermodern\u00ed pom\u016fcka nedostane.<\/p>\n

– Co byste hendikepovan\u00fdm lidem v \u010cesku doporu\u010dil?<\/strong><\/p>\n

V \u010cech\u00e1ch je 34 protetick\u00fdch pracovi\u0161\u0165. V\u011bt\u0161inou jsou v krajsk\u00fdch m\u011bstech, a tam se hendikepovan\u00ed mus\u00ed obr\u00e1tit. A hlavn\u011b by se m\u011bli sna\u017eit z\u00edskat sami co nejv\u00edce informac\u00ed. Probl\u00e9m t\u011blesn\u011b posti\u017een\u00fdch je v tom, \u017ee jsou hodn\u011b zvykl\u00ed \u010dekat, co syst\u00e9m vy\u0159e\u0161\u00ed za n\u011b. Ale on je to hlavn\u011b jejich probl\u00e9m a oni mus\u00ed tla\u010dit na to, \u017ee cht\u011bj\u00ed kvalitn\u00ed p\u00e9\u010di, \u017ee cht\u011bj\u00ed kvalitn\u00ed pom\u016fcky. Na druhou stranu v \u010cech\u00e1ch se d\u00e1 dos\u00e1hnout velmi kvalitn\u00edho vybaven\u00ed hrazen\u00e9ho zdravotn\u00ed poji\u0161\u0165ovnou. Nen\u00ed to sice v\u017edycky \u00fapln\u011b jednoduch\u00e9, proces prov\u00e1z\u00ed hodn\u011b byrokracie, ale c\u00edle se d\u00e1 nakonec dos\u00e1hnout.<\/p>\n

– Kam m\u00e1 takov\u00fd \u010dlov\u011bk vyrazit nejd\u0159\u00edve? T\u0159eba do va\u0161\u00ed firmy?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ur\u010dit\u011b mohou j\u00edt i za n\u00e1mi a my jim porad\u00edme, co d\u00e1l. Z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed toti\u017e na tom, kde bydl\u00ed, proto\u017ee protetika je pot\u0159eba m\u00edt bl\u00edzko. My mus\u00edme b\u00fdt s klienty po\u0159\u00e1d v kontaktu. Informace je mo\u017en\u00e9 z\u00edskat nap\u0159\u00edklad na webu ob\u010dansk\u00e9ho sdru\u017een\u00ed No foot, no stres. Tam si lid\u00e9 rad\u00ed mezi sebou a doporu\u010duj\u00ed protetika, kter\u00fd jim vyhovoval nejv\u00edce.<\/p>\n

– Jak tedy \u010dlov\u011bk z\u00edsk\u00e1 t\u0159eba dob\u0159e funguj\u00edc\u00ed prot\u00e9zu?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Je to hodn\u011b individu\u00e1ln\u00ed pr\u00e1ce. Nejprve si mus\u00edme s pacientem ur\u010dit, \u010deho chce dos\u00e1hnout. Pr\u00e1ce je \u00fapln\u011b jin\u00e1 pro p\u011btasedmdes\u00e1tilet\u00e9ho diabetika a pro mlad\u00e9ho \u010dlov\u011bka, kter\u00fd se chce vr\u00e1tit do rodiny, do pr\u00e1ce.<\/p>\n

– V \u010dem je jin\u00e1 prot\u00e9za pro seniora a pro mlad\u00e9ho \u010dlov\u011bka?<\/strong><\/p>\n

U ka\u017ed\u00e9 z nich pot\u0159ebujeme jin\u00e9 funk\u010dn\u00ed d\u00edly, jako je um\u011bl\u00e9 chodidlo, um\u011bl\u00e9 koleno, po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1me i s jin\u00fdm ulo\u017een\u00edm pah\u00fdlu. Proto\u017ee pohyb s pom\u016fckou u star\u00e9ho \u010dlov\u011bka je \u00fapln\u011b jin\u00fd. Odehr\u00e1v\u00e1 se v \u0159\u00e1dech n\u011bkolika krok\u016f. Chce to sp\u00ed\u0161e lehkou a bezpe\u010dnou prot\u00e9zu. U mlad\u00fdch zase nevad\u00ed, kdy\u017e je prot\u00e9za t\u011b\u017e\u0161\u00ed, proto\u017ee pot\u0159ebujeme v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed funk\u010dnost – umo\u017enit jim pohyb v ter\u00e9nu, ze schod\u016f a doc\u00edlit co nejp\u0159irozen\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ch\u016fze, a pokud mo\u017eno se zbavit v\u0161ech hol\u00ed \u010di berl\u00ed.<\/p>\n

– Co m\u016f\u017ee podnikat nap\u0159\u00edklad \u010dlov\u011bk, kter\u00fd m\u00e1 nad koleny amputovan\u00e9 ob\u011b nohy?<\/strong><\/p>\n

J\u00e1 v\u017edycky \u0159\u00edk\u00e1m, \u017ee m\u016f\u017ee d\u011blat \u00fapln\u011b v\u0161echno, co chce. \u017de je to opravdu jenom na jeho v\u016fli. Jsou lid\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed po amputaci z\u016fstanou sed\u011bt na voz\u00edku a jsou zhroucen\u00ed. T\u011bm se hrozn\u011b t\u011b\u017eko pom\u00e1h\u00e1. Je to tak\u00e9 velmi \u010dasto dan\u00e9 t\u00edm, \u017ee v \u010cesku se po amputaci automaticky nepo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1 s pomoc\u00ed psychologa. Existuj\u00ed ale lid\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed se po ztr\u00e1t\u011b kon\u010detin se situac\u00ed opravdu poperou a jsou schopn\u00ed se postavit i na ly\u017ee, jsou schopn\u00ed chodit do pr\u00e1ce a spousta z nich i s relativn\u011b jednoduchou pom\u016fckou. S modern\u00ed technologi\u00ed jim dok\u00e1\u017eeme pomoci k tomu, aby byl pohyb zdrav\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, a neni\u010dili si zbytek t\u011bla, aby ch\u016fze byla energeticky \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e1, aby hendikepovan\u00ed do\u0161li d\u00e1l a byli schopn\u00ed d\u011blat v\u0161echno, co pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed.<\/p>\n

– Z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed i na zp\u016fsobu amputace?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Vlastn\u00ed proveden\u00ed amputace je kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9, proto\u017ee pro ovl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed prot\u00e9zy je pot\u0159eba, aby byl pah\u00fdl schopn\u00fd p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161et s\u00edlu z organismu na prot\u00e9zu a zp\u00e1tky. Rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed je d\u00e9lka pah\u00fdlu i zachov\u00e1n\u00ed svalstva. Dobr\u00fd protetik ale dok\u00e1\u017ee zvl\u00e1dnout i velmi \u0161patn\u011b provedenou amputaci a velmi kr\u00e1tk\u00fd pah\u00fdl.<\/p>\n

– Jsou metody amputac\u00ed v \u010cesku kvalitn\u00ed?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Je to velk\u00fd probl\u00e9m, ale za posledn\u00edch deset let se hodn\u011b zlep\u0161il. Bohu\u017eel na l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00fdch fakult\u00e1ch se nevyu\u010duj\u00ed \u00fapln\u011b ty nejmodern\u011bj\u0161\u00ed technologie amputac\u00ed. Nav\u00edc amputace pro l\u00e9ka\u0159e v podstat\u011b znamen\u00e1 ur\u010ditou prohru a p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed v moment\u011b, kdy u\u017e l\u00e9ka\u0159 nen\u00ed schopn\u00fd \u0159e\u0161it zdravotn\u00ed stav jin\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem. Tak\u017ee l\u00e9ka\u0159i nemaj\u00ed tendenci se o to zaj\u00edmat a je m\u00e1lo specialist\u016f. Doporu\u010duji jim, aby se hodn\u011b bavili s protetiky. To se t\u00fdk\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f, kdy je \u0161ance a \u010das v\u0161e domluvit. My ale v \u010cech\u00e1ch m\u00e1me jednu v\u00fdhodu, m\u00e1me l\u00e9ka\u0159skou specializaci ortop\u00e9d – protetik. To jsou na \u010dty\u0159i des\u00edtky l\u00e9ka\u0159\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed jsou specializovan\u00ed na amputace a jsou schopn\u00ed velmi dob\u0159e poradit.<\/p>\n

– A kde je na Plze\u0148sku nejbli\u017e\u0161\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159 protetik?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Pan prim\u00e1\u0159 Ji\u0159\u00ed Hrab\u00e1k ve Fakultn\u00ed nemocnici v Plzni.<\/p>\n

– Co tedy l\u00e9ka\u0159i d\u011blaj\u00ed p\u0159i amputaci \u0161patn\u011b?<\/strong><\/p>\n

N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad st\u00e1le raz\u00ed informace z 60. let, \u017ee \u0159ez uprost\u0159ed kolene je nev\u00fdhodnou v\u00fd\u0161kou p\u0159i amputaci. My ale naopak chceme, kdy\u017e je \u0161ance zachr\u00e1nit alespo\u0148 polovinu kolene, aby to l\u00e9ka\u0159i pro pacienta ud\u011blali. Proto\u017ee kdy\u017e z\u016fstane kost cel\u00e1, d\u00e1 se na ni s prot\u00e9zou ve fin\u00e1le l\u00e9pe postavit. Pacient m\u00e1 pro ovl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed prot\u00e9zy celou d\u00e9lku stehna, nav\u00edc jsou svaly kompletn\u00ed a d\u00edky nim se sn\u00e1ze nau\u010d\u00ed chodit.<\/p>\n

– Je n\u011bjak\u00e1 d\u00e9lka pah\u00fdlu, kdy u\u017e na n\u011bj nem\u016f\u017eete upevnit prot\u00e9zu?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Podle m\u011b to jde v\u017edycky. Kdy\u017e je ale hodn\u011b kr\u00e1tk\u00fd stehenn\u00ed pah\u00fdl, tak se ned\u00e1 moc p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dat, \u017ee by s n\u00edm \u010dlov\u011bk ly\u017eoval. Ale m\u00e1me mlad\u00e9ho hokejistu, kter\u00fd m\u00e1 um\u011bl\u00fd ky\u010del i um\u011bl\u00e9 koleno a dok\u00e1\u017ee bruslit. Je to i o chuti konkr\u00e9tn\u00edho \u010dlov\u011bka.<\/p>\n

– S va\u0161\u00ed firmou spolupracuje pacientka, kter\u00e1 po amputaci obou nohou nad koleny ly\u017euje. Jak\u00e9 m\u00e1 prot\u00e9zy?<\/strong><\/p>\n

M\u00e1 prot\u00e9zy s elektronick\u00fdm \u0159\u00edzen\u00edm, neboli s bionick\u00fdmi kolenn\u00edmi klouby, kter\u00e9 samy reaguj\u00ed na okoln\u00ed podm\u00ednky. Jsou schopn\u00e9 doladit spoustu v\u011bc\u00ed za u\u017eivatele.<\/p>\n

– Tak\u017ee se d\u00e1 \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee hendikepovan\u00ed maj\u00ed tro\u0161ku cit v noze?<\/strong><\/p>\n

To ne. Cit je\u0161t\u011b nahradit neum\u00edme. Spousta lid\u00ed si neuv\u011bdomuje, \u017ee noha je vlastn\u011b hmatov\u00fd org\u00e1n. Tak\u017ee koleno, kter\u00e9 je sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed prot\u00e9zy, samo pozn\u00e1, jestli \u010dlov\u011bk jde po m\u011bkk\u00e9m nebo tvrd\u00e9m povrchu a tomu p\u0159izp\u016fsob\u00ed nastaven\u00ed, aby ch\u016fze byla bezpe\u010dn\u00e1. Uvnit\u0159 je po\u010d\u00edta\u010d, kter\u00fd si v\u0161e se\u0159izuje. Jsou tam senzory, kter\u00e9 m\u011b\u0159\u00ed, jak\u00fd je tlak pod patou, pod \u0161pi\u010dkou. Poznaj\u00ed, jestli jde \u010dlov\u011bk z kopce, do kopce, jestli jde po tvrd\u00e9m nebo m\u011bkk\u00e9m povrchu, m\u011b\u0159\u00ed rychlost ohybu. Tyto hodnoty se zpracuj\u00ed v procesoru a p\u0159enastav\u00ed se hydraulika tak, aby byl v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed nebo men\u0161\u00ed odpor. Tento cyklus prob\u00edh\u00e1 pades\u00e1tkr\u00e1t za vte\u0159inu, tak\u017ee je prot\u00e9za po\u0159\u00e1d p\u0159ipraven\u00e1 na re\u00e1lnou situaci a ch\u016fze je maxim\u00e1ln\u011b bezpe\u010dn\u00e1.<\/p>\n

– Jak\u00e1 je cena t\u00e9to prot\u00e9zy?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Cena jedn\u00e9 prot\u00e9zy se pohybuje kolem 550 a\u017e 650 tis\u00edc korun.<\/p>\n

– Plat\u00ed ji poji\u0161\u0165ovna, kdy\u017e o ni \u010dlov\u011bk za\u017e\u00e1d\u00e1?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kdy\u017e zabojuje a dolo\u017e\u00ed aktivitu, tak se d\u00e1 prosadit.<\/p>\n

– Co mus\u00ed dolo\u017eit?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Nap\u0159\u00edklad, zda je zam\u011bstnan\u00fd. Dost se p\u0159ihl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed i k tomu, jestli je to mlad\u00fd \u010dlov\u011bk, proto\u017ee modern\u00ed syst\u00e9my umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed kvalitn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ch\u016fzi a d\u00edky t\u00e9 si nepo\u0161kod\u00ed zbytek t\u011bla. Pacient mus\u00ed dolo\u017eit indikaci od l\u00e9ka\u0159e, vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed od fyzioterapeuta a od psychologa.<\/p>\n

Jitka \u0160r\u00e1mkov\u00e1
\nMlad\u00e1 fronta DNES<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Prot\u00e9zy se zabudovan\u00fdm po\u010d\u00edta\u010dem, kter\u00fd pom\u00e1h\u00e1 hendikepovan\u00fdm, aby neupadli. Mu\u017e, kter\u00fd s amputovanou nohou v ky\u010dli a s um\u011bl\u00fdm ky\u010deln\u00edm kloubem hraje hokej. D\u00edvka, kter\u00e1 […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2080,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6729","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-spolecnost"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6729","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=6729"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6729\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/2080"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=6729"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=6729"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=6729"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}