{"id":6947,"date":"2013-06-22T08:56:23","date_gmt":"2013-06-22T06:56:23","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=6947"},"modified":"2013-06-22T18:50:35","modified_gmt":"2013-06-22T16:50:35","slug":"ocni-vady-deti-se-projevi-hlavne-pri-hre","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=6947","title":{"rendered":"O\u010dn\u00ed vady d\u011bt\u00ed se projev\u00ed hlavn\u011b p\u0159i h\u0159e"},"content":{"rendered":"

Je d\u00edt\u011b nesoust\u0159ed\u011bn\u00e9, st\u011b\u017euje si na bolesti hlavy, mne si \u010dasto o\u010di? Pak to m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt sign\u00e1l pro rodi\u010de, \u017ee se zrakem jejich potomk\u016f nen\u00ed n\u011bco v po\u0159\u00e1dku.<\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

„Vrozen\u00e9 a z\u00edskan\u00e9 o\u010dn\u00ed vady d\u011bt\u00ed mohou p\u0159i nel\u00e9\u010den\u00ed zp\u016fsobit dal\u0161\u00ed zhor\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed zraku a fat\u00e1ln\u00ed n\u00e1sledky v dosp\u011blosti,“ soud\u00ed MUDr. Petr Nov\u00e1k, zakladatel Refrak\u010dn\u00edho centra a prim\u00e1\u0159 o\u010dn\u00edho odd\u011blen\u00ed pra\u017esk\u00e9 Nemocnice Na Homolce. „I d\u011bti mohou m\u00edt o\u010dn\u00ed choroby spojovan\u00e9 sp\u00ed\u0161e s vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm v\u011bkem, tedy \u0161ed\u00fd a zelen\u00fd z\u00e1kal.“<\/p>\n

\u0160ed\u00fd z\u00e1kal<\/strong><\/p>\n

U vrozen\u00e9ho \u0161ed\u00e9ho z\u00e1kalu (katarakta) se jedn\u00e1 o jednostrann\u00e9 nebo oboustrann\u00e9 posti\u017een\u00ed \u010do\u010dky v oku.<\/p>\n

P\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt hore\u010dnat\u00e9 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed nebo infekce matky v prvn\u00edch t\u0159ech m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch t\u011bhotenstv\u00ed, rodinn\u00e1 predisposice, ale i nezn\u00e1m\u00e1 p\u0159\u00ed\u010dina.<\/p>\n

„Projevuje se zkalen\u00edm \u010do\u010dky v optick\u00e9 ose oka a b\u00fdv\u00e1 odhaleno v r\u00e1mci poporodn\u00edho vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed, kter\u00e9 podstupuje ka\u017ed\u00e9 narozen\u00e9 d\u00edt\u011b. P\u00e9\u010de v \u010cR je v tomto smyslu prvot\u0159\u00eddn\u00ed i v celosv\u011btov\u00e9m m\u011b\u0159\u00edtku. V z\u00e1vislosti na stupni zkalen\u00ed a jedno \u010di oboustrann\u00e9m posti\u017een\u00ed je stanovena strategie dal\u0161\u00edho postupu. P\u0159i jednostrann\u00e9m syt\u00e9m zkalen\u00ed je operace provedena neprodlen\u011b v prvn\u00edch m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch po porodu, u oboustrann\u00e9ho nebo m\u00edrn\u011bj\u0161\u00edho zkalen\u00ed je operaci mo\u017en\u00e9 i odlo\u017eit na pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u010das,“ soud\u00ed prim\u00e1\u0159 Nov\u00e1k.<\/p>\n

Zelen\u00fd z\u00e1kal <\/strong><\/p>\n

Tak\u00e9 zelen\u00fdm z\u00e1kalem (glaukomem) m\u016f\u017ee d\u00edt\u011b trp\u011bt na z\u00e1klad\u011b vrozen\u00e9 predispozice nebo specifick\u00fdch struktur\u00e1ln\u00edch a anatomick\u00fdch zm\u011bn oka, kde doch\u00e1z\u00ed k hromad\u011bn\u00ed tekutiny v o\u010dn\u00ed bulv\u011b.<\/p>\n

To vede ke zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed nitroo\u010dn\u00edho tlaku, kter\u00fd se p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161\u00ed na nitroo\u010dn\u00ed struktury a doch\u00e1z\u00ed k \u00fatlaku nervov\u00fdch vl\u00e1ken v m\u00edst\u011b odstupu zrakov\u00e9ho nervu na zadn\u00edm p\u00f3lu oka.<\/p>\n

Vznikl\u00e9 posti\u017een\u00ed by mohlo m\u00edt trval\u00e9 n\u00e1sledky, a je proto pot\u0159eba ho v\u010das rozpoznat. \u0158e\u0161en\u00edm je okam\u017eit\u00e1 medikament\u00f3zn\u00ed nebo chirurgick\u00e1 l\u00e9\u010dba.<\/p>\n

Dioptrick\u00e1 vada <\/strong><\/p>\n

Patrn\u011b nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed je u d\u011bt\u00ed dioptrick\u00e1 refrak\u010dn\u00ed vada, kter\u00e1 m\u016f\u017ee vzniknout i v ran\u00e9m d\u011btstv\u00ed. Projevuje se probl\u00e9my p\u0159i h\u0159e, v odhadu vzd\u00e1lenost\u00ed, nar\u00e1\u017een\u00edm do p\u0159edm\u011bt\u016f, neschopnost\u00ed odli\u0161it tvary, hra\u010dky, sebrat je z podlo\u017eky apod.<\/p>\n

„Podez\u0159en\u00ed zpravidla pojmou rodi\u010de na z\u00e1klad\u011b pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed a v t\u00e9to chv\u00edli by m\u011bli upozornit d\u011btsk\u00e9ho l\u00e9ka\u0159e. Dal\u0161\u00ed mo\u017enost\u00ed je zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159em v r\u00e1mci periodick\u00e9 l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9 prohl\u00eddky. N\u00e1sledovat by m\u011blo vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed u o\u010dn\u00edho d\u011btsk\u00e9ho specialisty, kter\u00fd potvrd\u00ed, nebo vylou\u010d\u00ed o\u010dn\u00ed posti\u017een\u00ed a doporu\u010d\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b br\u00fdlovou \u010di jinou korekci,“ vysv\u011btluje postup doktor Nov\u00e1k.<\/p>\n

Existuj\u00ed t\u0159i r\u016fzn\u00e9 refrak\u010dn\u00ed vady:<\/p>\n

– kr\u00e1tkozrakost (vada je korigov\u00e1na minusov\u00fdmi skly nebo kontaktn\u00edmi \u010do\u010dkami)<\/p>\n

– dalekozrakost (vada je korigov\u00e1na plusov\u00fdmi skly nebo kontaktn\u00edmi \u010do\u010dkami)<\/p>\n

– astigmatismus (je korigov\u00e1n cylindrick\u00fdmi skly nebo torick\u00fdmi kontaktn\u00edmi \u010do\u010dkami). Nel\u00e9\u010den\u00e1 vada, zejm\u00e9na ta jednostrann\u00e1, m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st ke vzniku tupozrakosti.<\/p>\n

Tupozrakost <\/strong><\/p>\n

Tupozrakost je funk\u010dn\u00ed porucha zrakov\u00e9 ostrosti, kter\u00e1 vznik\u00e1 v d\u011btstv\u00ed nej\u010dast\u011bji v d\u016fsledku \u0161ilh\u00e1n\u00ed nebo jin\u00fdch o\u010dn\u00edch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed. Zrakov\u00e9 funkce d\u00edt\u011bte se vyv\u00edjej\u00ed do 6 a\u017e 8 let v\u011bku a jak\u00e1koli p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017eka norm\u00e1ln\u00edho fungov\u00e1n\u00ed oka v \u00fatl\u00e9m d\u011btstv\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee toto oko trvale funk\u010dn\u011b oslabit.<\/p>\n

V praxi to znamen\u00e1, \u017ee tupozrak\u00e9 oko nedok\u00e1\u017ee ani s nejlep\u0161\u00edmi korek\u010dn\u00edmi pom\u016fckami \u2013 br\u00fdlemi \u010di kontaktn\u00edmi \u010do\u010dkami \u2013 dosahovat takov\u00e9 zrakov\u00e9 ostrosti jako oko zdrav\u00e9.<\/p>\n

„To limituje i mo\u017en\u00fd efekt refrak\u010dn\u00ed operace. Ta dok\u00e1\u017ee odstranit pouze dioptrickou vadu, ale bohu\u017eel nedok\u00e1\u017ee odstranit tupozrakost,“ \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 doktor Nov\u00e1k.<\/p>\n

\u0160ilh\u00e1n\u00ed <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0160ilh\u00e1n\u00ed je porucha paraleln\u00edho postaven\u00ed o\u010d\u00ed. Vznik\u00e1 nej\u010dast\u011bji v d\u016fsledku vrozen\u00e9 nebo z\u00edskan\u00e9 poruchy vid\u011bn\u00ed oka nebo funkce okohybn\u00fdch sval\u016f. K vych\u00fdlen\u00ed osy oka doch\u00e1z\u00ed jedno \u010di oboustrann\u011b, podle stupn\u011b posti\u017een\u00ed vid\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p>\n

U ka\u017ed\u00e9ho pacienta je nutn\u00e9 prov\u00e9st specializovan\u00e9 vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed. Existuje toti\u017e ur\u010dit\u00e1 souvislost mezi postaven\u00edm o\u010d\u00ed a dioptrick\u00fdmi vadami.<\/p>\n

„V ur\u010dit\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech m\u016f\u017ee odstran\u011bn\u00edm vady doj\u00edt k vylou\u010den\u00ed \u0161ilh\u00e1n\u00ed, v jin\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b by odstran\u011bn\u00ed dioptrick\u00e9 vady mohlo znamenat zv\u00fdrazn\u011bn\u00ed \u0161ilh\u00e1n\u00ed nebo dokonce vznik velmi nep\u0159\u00edjemn\u00e9ho dvojit\u00e9ho vid\u011bn\u00ed,“ uzav\u00edr\u00e1 doktor Nov\u00e1k. Nab\u00e1d\u00e1 hned j\u00edt k l\u00e9ka\u0159i, kdy\u017e rodi\u010de zjist\u00ed, \u017ee jejich d\u00edt\u011b \u0161patn\u011b vid\u00ed..<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Je d\u00edt\u011b nesoust\u0159ed\u011bn\u00e9, st\u011b\u017euje si na bolesti hlavy, mne si \u010dasto o\u010di? Pak to m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt sign\u00e1l pro rodi\u010de, \u017ee se zrakem jejich potomk\u016f nen\u00ed […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6947","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-zdravi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6947","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=6947"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6947\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=6947"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=6947"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=6947"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}