{"id":7675,"date":"2013-07-10T10:56:18","date_gmt":"2013-07-10T08:56:18","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=7675"},"modified":"2013-07-10T11:21:33","modified_gmt":"2013-07-10T09:21:33","slug":"kricime-a-frazujeme-tak-se-ale-s-neslysicimi-nemluvi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=7675","title":{"rendered":"K\u0159i\u010d\u00edme a fr\u00e1zujeme. Tak se ale s nesly\u0161\u00edc\u00edmi nemluv\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"

P\u0159i komunikaci se sluchov\u011b posti\u017een\u00fdmi \u010dasto d\u011bl\u00e1me chyby. \u0158editelka Agentury pro nesly\u0161\u00edc\u00ed APPN Marie Hor\u00e1kov\u00e1 rad\u00ed, jak na to.<\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

– Co tedy lid\u00e9 d\u011blaj\u00ed \u0161patn\u011b?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Nej\u010dast\u011bji se st\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee na n\u011b k\u0159i\u010d\u00ed nebo nep\u0159irozen\u011b fr\u00e1zuj\u00ed. K\u0159ik m\u011bn\u00ed \u00fastn\u00ed obraz, m\u00e1 vliv na artikulaci, tak\u017ee ta je pak nep\u0159irozen\u00e1 a \u0161patn\u011b se z n\u00ed odez\u00edr\u00e1. \u0160patn\u011b se odez\u00edr\u00e1 tak\u00e9 p\u0159i slabikov\u00e1n\u00ed, proto\u017ee nesly\u0161\u00edc\u00ed pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed n\u011bjak\u00e9 ucelen\u00e9 celky. A chybou pak je i to, \u017ee p\u0159i neporozum\u011bn\u00ed lid\u00e9 opakuj\u00ed stejn\u00e9 slovo st\u00e1le dokola.<\/p>\n

– Jak tedy na to spr\u00e1vn\u011b?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kdy\u017e n\u011bkdo lehce nedosl\u00fdch\u00e1, pom\u016f\u017ee zes\u00edlen\u00ed hlasu. Ale opravdu jen zes\u00edlen\u00ed, ne k\u0159ik. U lid\u00ed ohluchl\u00fdch je v\u00fdhoda, \u017ee do t\u00e9 doby, ne\u017e ohluchli, \u010de\u0161tinu sly\u0161eli, tak\u017ee maj\u00ed velmi dobrou slovn\u00ed z\u00e1sobu a znaj\u00ed gramatiku. Jim tedy pom\u00e1h\u00e1 odez\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed, nebo jim sd\u011blen\u00ed m\u016f\u017eete norm\u00e1ln\u011b napsat. Pro nesly\u0161\u00edc\u00ed od narozen\u00ed je \u010de\u0161tina ciz\u00edm jazykem. Maj\u00ed omezenou slovn\u00ed z\u00e1sobu podle toho, s jak\u00fdmi slovy se setkali v p\u00edsemn\u00e9 podob\u011b nebo co se nau\u010dili. V takov\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 opakov\u00e1n\u00ed nepom\u00e1h\u00e1. \u00da\u010dastn\u00edk dialogu by m\u011bl stejn\u00e9 slovo vyj\u00e1d\u0159it jin\u00fdmi slovy. Pom\u00e1h\u00e1 ur\u010dit\u00e9 zestru\u010dn\u011bn\u00ed, vynech\u00e1vejte zdvo\u0159ilostn\u00ed fr\u00e1ze \u010di podmi\u0148ovac\u00ed zp\u016fsoby typu „r\u00e1d bych se v\u00e1s zeptal“. Na druhou stranu je v\u0161ak t\u0159eba mluvit p\u0159irozen\u011b a ne jen v podn\u011btu s p\u0159\u00edsudkem, hol\u00fdmi v\u011btami, proto\u017ee kdy\u017e pak nesly\u0161\u00edc\u00ed jedno slovo neodez\u0159e, tak se mu najednou ztrat\u00ed polovina informace.<\/p>\n

Kdo je kdo?<\/p>\n

Sluchov\u011b posti\u017een\u00e9 osoby rozd\u011blujeme na:<\/p>\n

* nesly\u0161\u00edc\u00ed – znakov\u00e1 \u0159e\u010d je jejich mate\u0159sk\u00fdm jazykem. \u010ce\u0161tinu moc neovl\u00e1daj\u00ed.<\/p>\n

* nedosl\u00fdchav\u00e9 – odez\u00edraj\u00ed ze rt\u016f a preferuj\u00ed mluvenou \u0159e\u010d. \u010c\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b jim pom\u00e1h\u00e1 sluchadlo.<\/p>\n

* ohluchl\u00e9 – vyjad\u0159uj\u00ed se mluvenou \u0159e\u010d\u00ed, neznaj\u00ed znakov\u00fd jazyk a v\u011bt\u0161ina z nich m\u00e1 s odez\u00edr\u00e1n\u00edm probl\u00e9m.<\/p>\n

Co m\u016f\u017ee pomoci<\/strong><\/p>\n

D\u00edky modern\u00edm technologi\u00edm a program\u016fm se komunikace sluchov\u011b posti\u017een\u00fdch osob mezi sebou i se zbytkem populace v\u00fdrazn\u011b zlep\u0161ila.<\/p>\n

Co pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed za vychyt\u00e1vky?<\/strong><\/p>\n

* Pro praktickou hluchotu, kde ji\u017e nepomohou sluchadla, jsou obrovsk\u00fdm pokrokem kochle\u00e1rn\u00ed implant\u00e1ty.<\/p>\n

* Elektroda kochle\u00e1rn\u00edho implant\u00e1tu obch\u00e1z\u00ed po\u0161kozen\u00e9 vl\u00e1skov\u00e9 bu\u0148ky v hlem\u00fd\u017edi a p\u0159\u00edmo stimuluje vl\u00e1kna sluchov\u00e9ho nervu elektrick\u00fdmi impulzy. Implant\u00e1t p\u0159ev\u00e1d\u00ed zvuk na digit\u00e1ln\u00ed sign\u00e1ly, kter\u00e9 jsou vys\u00edl\u00e1ny sluchov\u00fdm nervem do mozku a zde roz\u0161ifrov\u00e1ny jako zvuky.<\/p>\n

* Nesly\u0161\u00edc\u00edm a ohluchl\u00fdm implant\u00e1t m\u016f\u017ee pomoci jen v p\u0159\u00edpadech, kdy je\u0161t\u011b nen\u00ed atrofov\u00e1no sluchov\u00e9 centrum v mozku, tedy co nejd\u0159\u00edve po ztr\u00e1t\u011b sluchu.<\/p>\n

* V\u00fdborn\u00fdm komunika\u010dn\u00edm prost\u0159edkem pro nesly\u0161\u00edc\u00ed je internet a programy jako Skype \u010di ooVoo, pomoc\u00ed kter\u00fdch mohou „telefonovat“ ve znakov\u00e9m jazyce s ostatn\u00edmi nesly\u0161\u00edc\u00edmi.<\/p>\n

APPN.CZ<\/p>\n

Metro<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

P\u0159i komunikaci se sluchov\u011b posti\u017een\u00fdmi \u010dasto d\u011bl\u00e1me chyby. \u0158editelka Agentury pro nesly\u0161\u00edc\u00ed APPN Marie Hor\u00e1kov\u00e1 rad\u00ed, jak na to.<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6341,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7675","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-spolecnost"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7675","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=7675"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7675\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/6341"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=7675"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=7675"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=7675"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}