{"id":9045,"date":"2013-08-09T10:44:18","date_gmt":"2013-08-09T08:44:18","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=9045"},"modified":"2013-08-11T23:41:54","modified_gmt":"2013-08-11T21:41:54","slug":"vysoke-podpatky-nici-nohy-a-mohou-vest-az-k-invalidite","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=9045","title":{"rendered":"Vysok\u00e9 podpatky ni\u010d\u00ed nohy a mohou v\u00e9st a\u017e k invalidit\u011b"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u017deny miluj\u00ed vysok\u00e9 podpatky, zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b te\u010f v l\u00e9t\u011b, nebo\u0165 d\u011blaj\u00ed kr\u00e1sn\u00e9 dlouh\u00e9 nohy. Zdravotn\u00ed statistiky v\u0161ak ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee vedou u ka\u017ed\u00e9 t\u0159et\u00ed \u017eeny, je\u017e je nos\u00ed, k trval\u00fdm osteopatick\u00fdm po\u0161kozen\u00edm nohou.<\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Odborn\u00edk na osteopatie, l\u00e9ka\u0159ka Natalie A. Nevinsov\u00e1, je\u017e p\u016fsob\u00ed v kalifornsk\u00e9m Hollywoodu, \u0159\u00edk\u00e1:“ \u010cast\u00e9 no\u0161en\u00ed bot s vysok\u00fdmi podpatky a trval\u00e9 oh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00ed prst\u016f u nohou do nep\u0159irozen\u00e9 polohy m\u016f\u017ee zp\u016fsobit celou \u0159adu pot\u00ed\u017e\u00ed, od zar\u016fstaj\u00edc\u00edch neht\u016f a\u017e po nevratn\u00e1 po\u0161kozen\u00ed \u0161lach u nohou. Nav\u00edc vm\u00e1\u010dknut\u00e9 prsty v \u00fazk\u00fdch bot\u00e1ch mohou v\u00e9st k po\u0161kozen\u00ed nerv\u016f a k vbo\u010den\u00fdm palc\u016fm.<\/p>\n

„Vysok\u00e9 podpatky jsou rovn\u011b\u017e spojov\u00e1ny s p\u0159et\u00ed\u017een\u00edm a po\u0161kozen\u00edm sval\u016f nohou, osteoartritidou kolenou, fasciitidou no\u017en\u00ed klenby a bolestmi v doln\u00ed partii zad,“ dodala Dr. Nevinsov\u00e1 na str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch American Osteopathic Association.<\/p>\n

Podle n\u00ed, pokud nos\u00edte boty s podpatky 5 cm a vy\u0161\u0161\u00edmi – chodidla sklouz\u00e1vaj\u00ed v bot\u00e1ch dop\u0159edu, stla\u010duj\u00ed prsty a redistribuuj\u00ed nespr\u00e1vn\u011b t\u011blesnou v\u00e1hu.<\/p>\n

Zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e1 v\u00e1ha p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161en\u00e1 na prsty nohou zap\u0159\u00ed\u010di\u0148uje, \u017ee t\u011blo m\u00e1 tendenci nakl\u00e1n\u011bt se dop\u0159edu, a aby se tato zm\u011bna t\u011b\u017ei\u0161t\u011b vykompenzovala, nakl\u00e1n\u00edte se dozadu a m\u00edrn\u011b p\u0159itom oh\u00fdb\u00e1te z\u00e1da, \u010d\u00edm\u017e trp\u00ed kolena, ky\u010dle a doln\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st zad.<\/p>\n

„Zm\u011bna pozice p\u00e1te\u0159e zvy\u0161uje tlak\u00a0 na nervy v z\u00e1dech a m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k ischias, kdy bolest vyst\u0159eluje ze zad po vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed stran\u011b stehna a nohy a\u017e do chodidla a jej\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou je dr\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed ko\u0159ene sedac\u00edho nervu v k\u0159\u00ed\u017eov\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti p\u00e1te\u0159e,“ poznamenala Dr. Nevinsov\u00e1.<\/p>\n

No\u0161en\u00ed bot s vysok\u00fdmi podpatky dlouhodob\u011b\u00a0 vede ke zkr\u00e1cen\u00ed l\u00fdtkov\u00fdch sval\u016f i sval\u016f zad, ke chronick\u00fdm bolestem a svalov\u00fdm spasm\u016fm.<\/p>\n

Podle Dr. Nevinsov\u00e9 mnoho \u017een trp\u00ed tak\u00e9 postupn\u00fdm zkracov\u00e1n\u00edm Achillovy \u0161lachy. Nata\u017een\u00ed t\u00e9to \u0161lachy p\u0159i p\u0159echodu na plochou obuv \u010di na ch\u016fzi na boso m\u016f\u017ee pak pozd\u011bji b\u00fdt\u00a0 bolestiv\u00e9 a stav m\u016f\u017ee dokonce p\u0159ej\u00edt i do tzv. plant\u00e1rn\u00ed fasciitidy – z\u00e1n\u011btu pov\u00e1zky no\u017en\u00ed klenby.<\/p>\n

\u017deny, kter\u00e9 dlouhodob\u011b chod\u00ed na vysok\u00fdch jehl\u00e1ch, hroz\u00ed zv\u011bt\u0161en\u00ed kolenn\u00edho kloubu a\u017e o \u010dtvrtinu v d\u016fsledku osteoartritidy kolenou.<\/p>\n

Ka\u017ed\u00e1 des\u00e1t\u00e1 \u017eena nos\u00ed vysok\u00e9 podpatky nejm\u00e9n\u011b t\u0159i dny v t\u00fddnu.\u00a0 Studie americk\u00fdch v\u011bdc\u016f uk\u00e1zala, \u017ee na probl\u00e9my s nohama si zad\u011bl\u00e1vaj\u00ed \u017eeny u\u017e od ml\u00e1d\u00ed. \u010c\u00edm jsou d\u00edvky mlad\u0161\u00ed, t\u00edm cht\u011bj\u00ed vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed podpatky.<\/p>\n

Ve v\u011bku od 18 do 24 let si na patn\u00e1cticentimetrov\u00fdch jehl\u00e1ch libuje a\u017e 20 % d\u00edvek, ve v\u011bku 35 a\u017e 44 let jsou to u\u017e jen t\u0159i procenta \u017een.<\/p>\n

Jen\u017ee pozd\u011bji, kdy tyto d\u00e1my d\u00e1vaj\u00ed ji\u017e p\u0159ednost bot\u00e1m o n\u011bco pohodln\u011bj\u0161\u00edm, maj\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161inou nohy u\u017e tak deformovan\u00e9, \u017ee je z\u00e1krok l\u00e9ka\u0159e nemine. To potvrdil i Ji\u0159\u00ed V\u00e1chal, prim\u00e1\u0159 ortopedick\u00e9ho odd\u011blen\u00ed pra\u017esk\u00e9ho Centra l\u00e9\u010dby pohybov\u00e9ho apar\u00e1tu, podle n\u011bho\u017e u \u017een, kter\u00e9 dlouhodob\u011b nos\u00ed vysok\u00e9 podpatky,\u00a0 doch\u00e1z\u00ed k nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm deformac\u00edm, kter\u00e9 jsou nav\u00edc velmi bolestiv\u00e9 a \u010dasto i nevzhledn\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Co \u017een\u00e1m hroz\u00ed?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Otekl\u00e1 kolena <\/strong>
\nVlivem nep\u0159im\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 z\u00e1t\u011b\u017ee \u010dasto doch\u00e1z\u00ed k p\u0159et\u00ed\u017een\u00ed kolenn\u00edch kloub\u016f a n\u00e1sledn\u011b k rozvoji artr\u00f3zy, vzniku chronick\u00fdch otok\u016f a t\u00edm p\u00e1dem i ke zv\u011bt\u0161en\u00ed objemu a omezen\u00ed hybnosti kloubu.<\/p>\n

Zkr\u00e1cen\u00ed l\u00fdtkov\u00fdch sval\u016f<\/strong>
\nL\u00fdtkov\u00e9 svaly se stahuj\u00ed k \u00fahlu podpatk\u016f, \u010d\u00edm\u017e se mohou zkr\u00e1tit. \u017deny maj\u00ed \u010dasto pocit, jako by l\u00fdtko ho\u0159elo.<\/p>\n

Ohro\u017een\u00e1 achilovka<\/strong>
\nCh\u016fze s trval\u00fdm nap\u011bt\u00edm l\u00fdtkov\u00fdch sval\u016f vede k p\u0159et\u00ed\u017een\u00ed sval\u016f i Achillov\u00fdch \u0161lach. N\u00e1sleduje bolest, k\u0159e\u010de a chronick\u00e9 z\u00e1n\u011btliv\u00e9 zm\u011bny.<\/p>\n

Deformace kotn\u00edk\u016f<\/strong>
\nCelou hmotnost t\u011bla p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b dr\u017e\u00ed kotn\u00edk. Hroz\u00ed tak, stejn\u011b jako u kolen, jeho deformace, otoky a omezen\u00ed pohyblivosti. Jsou tak\u00e9 pak n\u00e1chyln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed k vyklouben\u00ed \u010di dokonce ke zlomen\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Zarostl\u00e9 nehty<\/strong>
\nV\u00e1ha t\u011bla se p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161\u00ed na prsty a stla\u010duje je do \u0161pi\u010dky boty. Krom\u011b toho, \u017ee k\u016f\u017ee hrubne, tvo\u0159\u00ed se mozoly a otlaky, doch\u00e1z\u00ed \u010dasto i k zar\u016fst\u00e1n\u00ed neht\u016f. Nav\u00edc se prsty stla\u010den\u00e9 k sob\u011b pot\u00ed a to je ide\u00e1ln\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed pro vznik pl\u00eds\u0148ov\u00e9ho onemocn\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Klad\u00edvkov\u00e9 prsty<\/strong>
\nRovn\u00e1 \u0161pi\u010dka boty tla\u010d\u00ed men\u0161\u00ed prsty a oh\u00fdb\u00e1 je v prost\u0159edn\u00edm kloubu. Svaly na druh\u00e9m, t\u0159et\u00edm a \u010dtvrt\u00e9m prstu pak po \u010dase ztr\u00e1c\u00ed mo\u017enost se nat\u00e1hnout i v norm\u00e1ln\u00ed bot\u011b.<\/p>\n

Vybo\u010den\u00fd palec
\n<\/strong>\u010cili <\/strong>tak\u00e9 bolestiv\u00fd halux. Nohy za\u010dnou kop\u00edrovat \u00fazkou \u0161pi\u010dku lodi\u010dky a prsty se za\u010dnou vychylovat ze sv\u00e9 osy. Jak\u00e9 je \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed? Bolestiv\u00e9 sek\u00e1n\u00ed kost\u00ed, pop\u0159\u00edpad\u011b l\u00e1m\u00e1n\u00ed prst\u016f a jejich narovn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed pomoc\u00ed \u0161roub\u016f.<\/p>\n

Hrbol na pat\u011b<\/strong>
\nJde o zv\u011bt\u0161en\u00fd, bolestiv\u00fd hrbol na patn\u00ed kosti, kter\u00fd \u010dasto prov\u00e1z\u00ed z\u00e1n\u011bty v oblasti Achillovy \u0161lachy.<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n

\"\"High Heels: The Higher the Better?<\/p>\n

Mus\u00edte se proto vzd\u00e1t va\u0161ich obl\u00edben\u00fdch bot s podpatky?<\/h3>\n

Ne, ale Dr. Nevinsov\u00e1 d\u00e1v\u00e1 n\u011bkolik doporu\u010den\u00ed:<\/p>\n

Volte rozumn\u00e9 podpatky<\/strong>. Vyb\u00edrejte si boty s podpatky ne vy\u0161\u0161\u00edmi ne\u017e 4,5 cm – a rad\u011bji podpatky s \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed b\u00e1z\u00ed; \u00fazk\u00e9, jehlov\u00e9 toti\u017e sk\u00fdtaj\u00ed malou stabilitu nohy a 7,5 cm a vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed podpatky povedou po \u010dase ke zkr\u00e1cen\u00ed Achillovky.<\/p>\n

Noste sp\u00ed\u0161e m\u011bkk\u00e9 podr\u00e1\u017eky, aby se sn\u00ed\u017eily negativn\u00ed dopady na kolena<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Vyb\u00edrejte si spr\u00e1vnou velikost <\/strong>tak, aby noha neklouzala dop\u0159edu, a s prostorn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u0161pi\u010dkou, aby prsty byly voln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Noste vysok\u00e9 podpatky jen po omezenou dobu<\/strong>. Nap\u0159. jen p\u0159i slavnostn\u00edch p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitostech (rauty, svatby, n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bva baru). Ale i zde s nimi nepodnikejte \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 intenz\u00edvn\u00ed fyzick\u00e9 v\u00fdkony. „Nadm\u011brn\u00e9 tancov\u00e1n\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k n\u00e1mahov\u00fdm zlomenin\u00e1m a k po\u0161kozen\u00edm \u0161lach,“ varuje podiatristka Dr. Hillary Brennerov\u00e1.<\/p>\n

Pokud se nem\u016f\u017eete dennodenn\u011b bez vysok\u00fdch podpatk\u016f obej\u00edt, aspo\u0148 st\u0159\u00eddejte boty s r\u016fzn\u00fdmi podpatky b\u011bhem dne \u010di obden<\/strong>. Nikdy nenoste vysok\u00e9 podpatky po cel\u00fd den; a jako kompenzaci noste pohodlnou „zdravou“ obuv (t\u0159eba sportovn\u00ed, chodeckou) nap\u0159. na cestu do pr\u00e1ce a v pr\u00e1ci se pak p\u0159ezujete. No\u0161en\u00ed komfortn\u00edch bot umo\u017en\u00ed t\u011blu se pohybovat p\u0159irozen\u011b b\u011bhem ch\u016fze a nat\u00e1hnout zp\u011bt \u0161lachy a svaly.<\/p>\n

Natahujte. <\/strong>
\nKa\u017ed\u00fd den si vyberte chvilku na natahov\u00e1n\u00ed l\u00fdtkov\u00fdch sval\u016f a chodidel. Podle Dr. Nevinsov\u00e9 je dobr\u00e9 v r\u00e1mci t\u011bchto cvi\u010den\u00ed nap\u0159. zkusit si nohou sebrat tu\u017eku z podlahy.<\/p>\n

A posledn\u00ed slovo o noh\u00e1ch<\/h3>\n

Nenechte si sv\u016fj \u017eivotn\u00ed styl bezhlav\u011b ovliv\u0148ovat m\u00f3dou a p\u0159ipravit se o nohy. „Va\u0161e nohy jsou va\u0161\u00ed \u017eivotn\u00ed oporou. Pokud nohy nebudou v po\u0159\u00e1dku, nebude v po\u0159\u00e1dku ani to, co nesou,“ \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Dr. Nevinsov\u00e1.<\/p>\n

Trocha historie\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Vysok\u00e9 podpatky nosily ji\u017e p\u0159ed 3500 lety v Egypt\u011b \u017eeny, kter\u00e9 pat\u0159ily do nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edch spole\u010densk\u00fdch vrstev. Frencouz\u0161t\u00ed mu\u017ei pou\u017e\u00edvali vysok\u00e9 podpatky k dobr\u00e9mu ukotven\u00ed nohou ve t\u0159menech sedel p\u0159i j\u00edzd\u011b na koni.\u00a0 \u017deny za\u010daly pou\u017e\u00edvat vysok\u00e9 podpatky jako m\u00f3dn\u00ed dopln\u011bk ji\u017e od \u0161estn\u00e1ct\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed. M\u00f3du vysok\u00fdch podpatk\u016f pak mas\u00edvn\u011b podpo\u0159il filmov\u00fd pr\u016fmysl ve 20. stolet\u00ed.<\/p>\n

invArena<\/p>\n

MUDr. Jan \u010cin\u010dura<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u017deny miluj\u00ed vysok\u00e9 podpatky, zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b te\u010f v l\u00e9t\u011b, nebo\u0165 d\u011blaj\u00ed kr\u00e1sn\u00e9 dlouh\u00e9 nohy. Zdravotn\u00ed statistiky v\u0161ak ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee vedou u ka\u017ed\u00e9 t\u0159et\u00ed \u017eeny, je\u017e je […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11,9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9045","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-zdravi","category-zpravy"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9045","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=9045"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9045\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=9045"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=9045"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=9045"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}